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Colour Field Painting is an abstract style characterized by large areas of a single color or simple, solid colors. The term was first used in the 1950s to describe the work of three American Abstract Expressionist painters—Barnett Newman, Mark Rothko, and Clyfford Still. Their work emphasized the emotional power of color and the creation of vast, meditative spaces through expansive color fields.

Hard Edge art is a style of abstract painting that became popular in the 1960s. It features areas of color separated by crisp, sharp edges that are painted with geometric precision. The term hard-edge painting was coined by art critic Jules Langsner to describe this approach, which contrasts with the softer, more fluid forms of other abstract styles.

Video art is an art form that uses video and audio data, primarily featuring moving images. It emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s with the advent of new technology and consumer video equipment that became accessible beyond corporate broadcasting. Video art can take many forms, including broadcast recordings, installations in museums or galleries, online streamed works, videotapes, and performances incorporating video monitors, television sets, or projections that display live or recorded sounds and images.