
What is Grupo Frente?
Grupo Frente was a movement founded in 1954 in Brazil by teaching artist Ivan Serpa. The movement included many students from the Rio de Janeiro Museum of Modern Art and sought to reject the nationalism and figuration present in the modernist forms of Brazilian painting. Grupo Frente emphasized experimentation and abstraction, aiming to explore new artistic possibilities beyond traditional constraints.
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Charcoal is made from charred wood and is used in both initial sketches and finished drawings. It can be easily smudged or erased, making it versatile for corrections. To make charcoal drawings permanent, a fixative like resin or gum is required. It’s especially useful for sketching first ideas on walls or canvas.
