What is watercolor?

Spatialism is an art movement that originated in Italy in 1947, founded by Lucio Fontana with the intention of synthesizing sound, color, movement, and space into a new form of art. The movement's central ideas were outlined in Fontana's first manifesto, published in 1947, where he introduced the concept of spatial art to capture the spirit of the post-war era. His ideas were further developed in five subsequent manifestos. Although Fontana's ideas were sometimes considered vague, his influence was significant, as he was one of the first European artists to emphasize art as a performance and gesture.

Systems Art refers to a group of artists who, during the late 1960s and early 1970s, used the frameworks of conceptualism and minimalism to create art that was responsive to its environment. Rejecting traditional art themes, they embraced aesthetic systems and experimented with diverse media. Systems Art often connected with contemporary political movements of the time, emphasizing the interrelationship between the artwork, its context, and the broader social and political environment.

ZERO was an art movement founded by Otto Piene and Heinz Mack, aiming to develop into a large international and cross-border movement. The name ZERO originated from a magazine founded by Heinz Mack in 1957, which became a platform for the group's ideas. The magazine was published for several years before ceasing in 1967. The ZERO movement sought to create a new beginning in art, emphasizing light, space, and movement, and became influential in post-war European art.